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Rationing in the Soviet Union
Rationing in the Soviet Union was introduced several times, during periods of economical hardships.
==1929–1935==
In 1929, the elimination of limited market economy that existed in the USSR between 1921 and 1929 resulted in food shortages and spontaneous introduction of food rationing in most Soviet industrial centres. In 1931, Politburo introduced a unified rationing system for foodstuffs and basic commodities and norms of rationing applied throughout the entire USSR.
Rationing was applied only to people employed in the state-owned industries and to their family members. Such social categories as people without political rights known as ''lishentsy'' were deprived of rations. The rationing system was divided into four rates that differed in the size of rations, with lower rates unable to get such basic products as meat and fish. The rationing existed up to 1935.〔Elena Osokina, ''Za fasadom "stalinskogo izobiliia". Raspredeleniie i rynok v snabzhenii naseleniia v gody industrializatsii'' (Moscow, 1998).〕 Foreign specialists employed in Russia were supplied through a separately established organization Insnab.
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